Sociological definitions of deviance cover behaviours, beliefs and what else?
Correct answer C. Conditions
Topic / 45 questions
Crime and Deviance MCQs
Crime and Deviance MCQs test the sociological study of rule-breaking, from everyday deviance to serious crime and how societies respond to it. They suit sociology and criminology students and candidates for CSS, PMS and lecturer posts. Each question has an instant answer, helping you review theories such as strain, labelling and social control quickly.
- Methods and Research 94
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- Introduction to Sociology 55
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At which level are punishments, or negative sanctions, especially important?
Correct answer E. Formal
Who conducted the classic sociological study of two juvenile groups known as the ‘Saints’ and the ‘Roughnecks’?
Correct answer C. Chambliss
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According to Quinney, who commits crimes of ‘domination and repression’?
Correct answer B. The ruling elite
The rise in patriotism after the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks illustrates which function of deviance?
Correct answer B. Solidarity
Which type of crime have biological positivists tended to focus on?
Correct answer A. Violent
Which sociologist was responsible for the modern adaptation of strain theory?
Correct answer E. Merton
According to strain theory, what kind of deviant activity are retreatists likely to engage in?
Correct answer E. Drug abuse
According to Sutherland’s differential association theory, crime and deviance are basically what?
Correct answer B. Learned
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Which of these was not one of the four social bonds in Hirschi’s social control theory?
Correct answer E. Religiosity
What is the central concept in labelling theory?
Correct answer B. Stigma
What is the ‘natural law’ approach essentially concerned with?
Correct answer A. The protection of universal human rights
Robert Merton’s ideas on crime and deviance use the concept of anomie. What does anomie mean in Merton’s work?
Correct answer C. Social strain
Which of these concepts is not associated with Left Realist explanations of criminal subcultures?
Correct answer C. Individual pathology
Which of the following is not a reason why corporate crime is harder to prosecute than individual crime?
Correct answer B. Corporate offences cause less harm than crimes against an individual
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What is defined as non-conformity to a set of norms accepted by a significant number of people in a community or society?
Correct answer B. Deviance
Merton described responses to a situation where widely endorsed goals exist but the means to achieve them are limited. Which type accepts the goals but is willing to use any means to reach them?
Correct answer B. Innovators
Which approach analysed crime and deviance in terms of the ruling class preserving its power?
Correct answer B. New criminology
Which of the following does NOT count as target hardening?
Correct answer C. Anti-social behaviour orders
What is repeat offending by former prisoners called?
Correct answer C. Recidivism
About Crime and Deviance MCQs
This topic explains why people break social norms and who decides what counts as deviant. Questions cover Merton's strain theory and its five adaptations (conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion), labelling theory and the question of who defines deviance, white-collar and corporate crime, formal and informal sanctions, and recidivism, meaning repeat offending after release from prison. Theories of crime are a regular part of CSS and PMS Sociology and Criminology papers, and the names of theorists are often tested directly, so linking each idea to its author is the key skill.
Exams that include Crime and Deviance MCQs
Pakistan
- CSS
- PMS
- FPSC
- PPSC
- Lecturer tests
India
- UPSC CSE
- State PSC exams
- UGC NET
Bangladesh
- BCS
- NTRCA
- University admission tests (DU, RU, JU)
Frequently asked questions
What are Merton's five adaptations in strain theory?
Robert Merton described five responses to the gap between cultural goals and legitimate means: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion. Retreatists reject both goals and means, so they are linked with deviance such as drug addiction or vagrancy. Innovators accept the goals but use illegitimate means, such as theft or fraud.
Why is white-collar crime hard to detect?
White-collar crime is low in visibility because it usually happens inside organisations, involves complex paperwork and has victims who may not know they were harmed. The term was introduced by Edwin Sutherland to describe crime committed by respectable people in the course of their jobs.
How many Crime and Deviance MCQs are on MCQs360?
MCQs360 has 45 Crime and Deviance MCQs, each with an instant answer and free to practise without sign-up. Working through the set helps you match theories to theorists, which is how many CSS, PMS and UGC NET questions on this topic are framed.
Last reviewed October 2026