A. marginal costs
B. fixed costs
C. variable costs
D. advertising costs
Profit Maximizing Under Perfect Competition And Monopoly
The long-run equilibrium outcomes in monopolistic competition and perfect competition are similar because in both market structures ?
A. the efficient output level will be produced in the long run
B. firms will only earn a normal profit
C. firms realize all economies of scale
D. firms will be producing at minimum average cost
When one firm in the breakfast cereal market started an advertising campaign that stressed the nutritional value of its cereals, all other cereal manufacturers started similar advertising campaign This suggests that the breakfast cereal market is ?
A. monopolistically competitive
B. oligopolistic
C. perfectly competitive
D. indeterminate from this information
Assume that firms in an oligopoly are currently colluding to set price and output to maximise total industry profit. If the oligopolists are forced to stop colluding, the price charged by the oligopolists will ……… and the total output produced will ……….?
A. decrease; decrease
B. increase; decrease
C. decrease; increase
D. increase; increase
A group of firms that gets together to make price and output decisions is called ?
A. a concentrated industry.
B. a cartel
C. price leadership
D. an oligopoly.
An oligopoly with a dominant price leader will produce a level of output ?
A. equal to what a monopolist would choose in the same industry
B. between that which would prevail under competition and that which a monopolist would choose in the same industry
C. that would prevail under competition
D. between that which would prevail under competition and that which a monopolistic competitor would choose in the same industry.
A major weakness of the kinked demand curve model of oligopoly is that ?
A. it assumes that firms believe that their rivals will not respond to any price change they initiate
B. it fails to explain how a firm arrived at its price and output decision initially
C. The model cannot be tested empirically.
D. Real-world pricing strategies are more simple than those assumed in this model
Which of the following statements is False ?
A. participants in a contestable market are continuously faced with competition or the threat of competition because entry is cheap
B. In a contestable market, economic profits cannot persist in the long run.
C. In a contestable market forces will guarantee that the firms produce efficiently or be driven out of business
D. For a market to be contestable, the product must be produced with a labor-intensive technology
The costs that depend on output in the short run are ?
A. total fixed cost only.
B. total variable costs only.
C. both total variable costs and total costs.
D. total costs only
Diminishing marginal return implies ?
A. decreasing average fixed costs.
B. decreasing marginal costs.
C. decreasing average variable costs.
D. increasing marginal costs.