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Immunity MCQs

Immunity MCQs are multiple-choice questions on how the body defends itself against disease, covering non-specific defences, B and T lymphocytes, antibodies, active and passive immunity and vaccination. Every question on MCQs360 shows the correct answer instantly, so you can test your recall of each cell type and process.

Question 01 Immunity

Haemolytic disease of the newborn can occur when which situation arises?

Correct answer A. An Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus after earlier sensitisation

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Question 04 Immunity

According to clonal selection, what happens when an antigen enters the body?

Correct answer A. It activates only lymphocytes with complementary receptors, which then divide by mitosis

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Question 07 Immunity

How do complement proteins help destroy bacteria?

Correct answer C. They form pores in the bacterial membrane causing lysis

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Question 09 Immunity

What is a hapten?

Correct answer D. A small molecule that becomes antigenic only when attached to a larger carrier protein

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Question 11 Immunity

What is the purpose of giving a booster dose of a vaccine?

Correct answer D. To trigger a secondary response that raises antibody levels and memory cell numbers

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Question 20 Immunity

How does a macrophage act as an antigen-presenting cell?

Correct answer C. It displays fragments of engulfed antigen on its surface with MHC proteins

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About Immunity MCQs

The first set of questions covers non-specific defences such as skin, mucus, phagocytes, inflammation and fever, and the roles of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. The main focus is the specific immune response: antigens and haptens, B cells, plasma cells and memory cells, and the types of T cells, including helper, cytotoxic and suppressor T cells. Antibody questions test the Y-shaped structure of immunoglobulins, their variable and constant regions and the features of the five classes. Further questions cover primary and secondary responses, active and passive immunity, types of vaccine and boosters, and immune disorders such as allergy, autoimmunity and immunodeficiency, along with monoclonal antibodies.

Key facts to remember

  • B lymphocytes mature in the bone marrow, while T lymphocytes mature in the thymus.
  • Plasma cells develop from activated B cells and secrete antibodies.
  • An antibody is made of two heavy and two light polypeptide chains, and its antigen-binding sites lie in the variable regions.
  • IgG is the most abundant antibody in plasma and the only class that crosses the placenta.
  • IgM is a pentamer and is the first antibody produced in a primary immune response.
  • Monocytes become macrophages when they leave the blood and enter the tissues.

Exams that include Immunity MCQs

Pakistan

  • MDCAT
  • NUMS
  • AKU
  • FSc boards

India

  • NEET

Bangladesh

  • HSC
  • Medical Admission Test

How to prepare for Immunity MCQs

  1. Make a table of the five antibody classes with their structure, location and main function.
  2. Draw a labelled antibody showing heavy and light chains, variable regions and the antigen-binding sites.
  3. Compare humoral and cell-mediated immunity, naming the cells involved in each.
  4. Learn the four types of acquired immunity, natural and artificial, active and passive, with one example each.

Frequently asked questions

Which exams ask Immunity MCQs?

In Pakistan, Immunity questions appear in MDCAT, the NUMS and AKU entry tests and FSc board papers. Students in India meet the same content in NEET, and in Bangladesh it is tested in HSC Biology and the Medical Admission Test.

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

In active immunity the body makes its own antibodies and memory cells after infection or vaccination, so protection is long lasting. In passive immunity ready-made antibodies are received, for example across the placenta or by injection, giving immediate but short-lived protection.

Why is a booster dose of vaccine given?

A booster exposes the immune system to the antigen again, triggering a secondary response. Memory cells respond faster and more strongly, producing more antibodies and more memory cells, so the level of protection is raised and lasts longer.

Last reviewed October 2026