How does utilitarianism suggest the government should maximise the total utility of everyone in society?
Correct answer B. By redistributing income from rich to poor because, owing to diminishing marginal utility of income, taking a pound from the rich reduces their utility by less than the gain from giving that pound to the poor
Explanation
Utilitarians such as Bentham and Mill aim to maximise total happiness. Since an extra pound means more to a poor person than a rich one, transfers from rich to poor raise total utility.
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