In qualitative analysis, NH₄Cl is added before NH₄OH. What is the effect of the NH₄⁺ ion?
Correct answer A. It suppresses the ionisation of NH₄OH, lowering [OH⁻]
Explanation
The common NH₄⁺ ion pushes NH₄OH ⇌ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ to the left, keeping [OH⁻] low so only hydroxides with very small Ksp precipitate.
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