A. fixed ratio
B. fixed interval
C. variable ratio
D. variable interval
Psychology Mcqs
In Pavlov’s experiments, the dog’s salivation triggered by the taste of food was a/an __________________?
A. conditioned response
B. unconditioned stimulus
C. unconditioned response
D. conditioned stimulus
The process of reinforcing successively closer approximations to a desired behavior is called ___________________?
A. shaping
B. partial reinforcement
C. secondary reinforcement
D. modeling
Pavlov’s initial discovery of what is now called classical conditioning emerged from his earlier studies of __________________?
A. mating behavior in dogs
B. operant behaviors in dogs
C. digestive reflexes in dogs
D. neurological damage in dogs
Any process that increases the likelihood that a particular operant response will occur again is called ________________?
A. reinforcement
B. punishment
C. discrimination
D. chaining
A student who has never studied decides to try it and is delighted to receive a B on the exam rather than the usual D. The student starts studying more regularly as a result of __________________?
A. classical conditioning
B. habituation
C. positive reinforcement
D. b and c
Which of the following learning mechanism does B.F. Skinner see as being the major means by which behavior is learned?
A. classical conditioning
B. operant conditioning
C. observational learning
D. insight learning
When an operant response stops occurring because it is no longer reinforced, which of the following has taken place?
A. an avoidance response
B. generalization
C. extinction
D. negative reinforcement
In Pavlov’s experiments, the dog’s salivation triggered by the sound of the bell was a/an _________________?
A. conditioned response
B. unconditioned response
C. unconditioned stimulus
D. conditioned stimulus
For most people, personal insults, fines, and headaches serve as ________________?
A. negative reinforces
B. positive reinforces
C. either a or b depending on the discriminative stimulus
D. punisher but not reinforces